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Jill Bolte Taylor, Ph.D. interview: Nirvana and the Brain

Excerpt from Shrink Rap Radio interview by David Van Nuys, Ph.D.

Jill Bolte Taylor, Ph.D.:  You have this ongoing brain chatter in the left hemisphere, in the language centers that is designed to have communication, and it helps you retain information about the external world. 

So, I know where I work, because my brain tells me where I work.  And I know which car is mine, because my brain tells me which car is mine.  So it’s always relating me to the information in the external world, and when that circuitry went off – turned off - I found myself flushed in silence, and an unusual silence. 

But in the silence there’s so much!  I’m no longer distracted by the details of the external world, and I was captivated by the magnificence of the present moment. 

And since I could no longer identify the boundaries of where I began and where I ended, I was no longer this confined little entity.  Instead, I was at one with all the energy that was around me, and it was beautiful there. 

It was peaceful, it was quiet, it was enormous – it was that all-knowing space where you know absolutely everything, and you don’t know a single detail that has to do with the external world. 

And it doesn’t matter, because you have this sense of peacefulness and beauty... and euphoria.
 
Podcast host Dr. Dave / David Van Nuys, Ph.D.:  That was the voice of my guest, Dr. Jill Bolte Taylor, describing her experience of a stroke in the left hemisphere of her brain. 

Jill Bolte Taylor, Ph.D, is a Harvard-trained and published neuroanatomist who teaches at the Indiana University School of Medicine in Bloomington, Indiana.  

She’s the author of the extraordinary book, My Stroke of Insight: A Brain Scientist’s Personal Journey, which tells the story of a stroke which essentially knocked out her left hemisphere and enhanced the functioning of her right hemisphere. 

In this right-hemisphere state, she seemed to experience something akin to enlightenment. 

Dr. Jill has dedicated her career to the advancement of post mortem research into the human brain and to the education of the public about the fragile, yet resilient nature of this incredible organ. 

Because of the long-term shortage of brain tissue donated for research into severe mental illness, she travels throughout the country.  By sharing her science and her unique personal journey, she communicates a message of hope, education, and celebration.  Now, here’s the interview.
 
Dr. Dave:  Well, I saw a video of your presentation at the TED conference [excerpt above], and it blew my mind.  And for listeners, TED stands for Technology, Entertainment, and Design, which seems like an unlikely conglomeration, but they have some wonderful speakers. 

Let’s start out by having you tell us about your life before you had your stroke.  In your book you talk about the left and right hemispheres of the brain and how they function. 

And this turned out to be important because you had a stroke on the left side of your brain.  So, before you tell us about your experience with the stroke, perhaps you could give us some background on the functioning of the left and right hemispheres... and also a bit about your background as a brain scientist, because that’s very relevant, as well.
 
Taylor:  Well, I grew up to study the brain because I have a brother who has the brain disorder, schizophrenia.  And although he wasn’t diagnosed until we were young adults, when I was a little girl, he was only 18 months older than I was. 

It was apparent to me at a very early age that he was very different in the way that he perceived the world and in the way he chose to behave.  And because he was my sibling, he was my constant companion, as siblings are in a family unit.

I really grew up to see the world through his eyes, and it just did not resonate well with little Jill and who I was and what I thought was how I was supposed to be in the world.  So, because of my fascination with my brother and the awareness that we were very different, I dedicated my career to studying the brain and became fascinated with the brain, obviously very young, and was fascinated with body language and different ways of communicating with one another and how we can observe ourselves or engage in the drama in our lives. 

So, I really had kind of a shifted perspective of what is normal and what is not normal, but I didn’t know who was normal.  And I didn’t know if it was him, or if it was me, until he was officially diagnosed as young adults.
 
But I pursued education in physiological psychology and human biology for undergraduate and then received a Ph.D with a focus for my research in neuroanatomy of the brain, and it was my intention to always study the post mortem investigation of the brain as it relates to schizophrenia.  What are the biological differences between someone like my brother and someone like me?
 
So, that was my background leading up to the morning of a stroke.  So, I was performing research and teaching in the Harvard Medical School system at the time, but the relationship between the right and the left hemispheres is extremely significant in the world of brain research because each of the hemispheres perform unique functions. 

They’re both always functioning but there’s usually certain cells that are dominating or inhibiting other cells.  And that’s unique for each one of us.  When you look at stroke survivors, for example, the first question I always ask anyone who calls me and says, “My loved one has had a stroke,” is, can they speak?  

Has it influenced their ability to speak words or to understand language?  And if the answer is yes, then I can pretty much automatically assume that the stroke happened in the left hemisphere as opposed to the right hemisphere. 

And, of course, the opposite side of the body becomes paralyzed when a stroke happens and the motor cells are influenced.  So, the two hemispheres complement one another. 

They’re constantly always functioning, but they’re not all, all the cells are not always constantly firing.  Some are more dominant; some are inhibited by those dominating cells.
 
Dr. Dave:  Yes, and you know, I guess it was in the seventies when we started to hear a lot about split-brain research and so on, and there was a popularized view of the functioning of the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere, but I suspect it was overly simplified.  
 
Taylor:  It really was, and I think that what happened – because I was born in ’59 – so all of that was pretty big when I was a teenager. And I think that it oversimplified it to the point of saying, okay, I am a right-hemisphere person. Or I’m a left-hemisphere person. 

And as a result of that, we ended up with all kinds of personality tests that came out to identify which hemisphere are you.  And I always had a certain amount of skepticism about that level of simplification because I had two hemispheres, and we all have two hemispheres. 

I was very blessed that my father was extremely creative, extremely musical, extremely social, and anybody would have defined him as right-hemisphered, while my mother was history and philosophy of science and mathematics, and she had this incredible mind. 

She was a Radcliffe/Harvard girl, and so my mother had this extremely well-developed and beautiful left hemisphere.  And I’m looking at me as their offspring, saying, “But I’m both. I have this right hemisphere from my dad and this beautiful left hemisphere from my mother,” and we all do. 

So when you pinhole a child into, “Oh, your child is very right-hemisphered,” and then that’s all they develop, that’s unfair to the child. 

For me, the purpose of the video was to help people to actually bring new fuel, if you will, to the old argument, but to expand it beyond where we used to be with it and to try to help people recognize, “Yes, I do have both of these hemispheres.  They both have these beautiful gifts, and I don’t have to be just one way.  I have a choice, moment by moment, in how I do want to be in the world, and how I do want to spend my time, and how I do want to look at this specific situation.”

From Shrink Rap Radio #147, April 11, 2008.  (Excerpt from transcription by Susan Argyelan.) Listen to the rest of the interview and read transcript at shrinkrapradio.com

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   Related Talent Development Resources pages:

Neuroscience articles

Left brain / right brain.

Meditation

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